worthy和worthwhile在表示“值得的”时,虽然词性相同且意义相近,但用法存在显著差异,具体区别如下:
一、用法结构差异
worthy
- 可作定语修饰名词,后接 of+名词/动名词
- 例如:
- This project is worthy of attention. (这个项目值得关注)
- The movie was worthy of several awards. (这部电影值得多项奖项)
worthwhile
- 可作定语修饰名词,后接 动名词/不定式
- 例如:
- This task is worthwhile doing. (这项任务值得做)
- The journey was worthwhile the effort. (尽管旅途艰辛,但值得付出努力)
二、修饰语搭配差异
worthy
通常与 very搭配使用,表示“非常值得”
例如:
- The experience was very worthy of reflection. (这次经历非常值得反思)
不能与 well搭配(需用 very)
worthwhile
可以用 very修饰,表示“非常值得”
例如:
- The movie was very worthwhile watching. (这部电影非常值得观看)
也可用 worth the effort结构,强调“值得付出努力”
例如:
- The hike was worthwhile the climb. (爬山值得付出努力)
三、典型错误用法
worth
不能作定语修饰名词,只能作表语或后置定语
错误:This problem is worth solving.
正确:This problem is worth solving.
四、补充说明
三者均可用作表语:
It is worth the trip.
It is worthy of praise.
在口语和非正式写作中,三者可互换使用,但严格来说存在上述语法差异。
通过以上对比,可以清晰地区分worthy和worthwhile的用法,避免因混淆导致表达错误。